Profitability = net income / sales [this ratio shows how much profit your business earns on each dollar of sales]
Asset turnover = sales / average assets [this ratio shows how much sales your business generates based on its available resources]
Inventory turnover = cost of goods sold / average inventory
Inventory days outstanding = 365 / inventory turnover [this is an efficiency measure that shows you how long you hold something in your inventory]
Current ratio = current assets / current liabilities [this is a liquidity ratio, which tells you if you have enough assets to meet your short-term obligations or debts right now; a current ratio under 1 means you do not have enough assets to pay your liabilities]
Quick ratio = (cash + short term investments + accounts receivable) / current liabilities [this is another liquidity ratio, which shows you if you have enough liquid assets (assets that can easily be turned into cash) to pay down your liabilities; 1 is considered to be a normal quick ratio[i]]
Liabilities-to-assets: total liabilities / total assets [this ratio shows you if you can meet your long-term debt obligations; you can pay back your liabilities if the number is 1.
[i] Investopedia. Investopedia, n.d. https://www.investopedia.com/.